You can check if some features, like VoiceOver, are on. Experiences should not diverge too much. It could be used to avoid auto-hiding UI elements. iOS probably checks this to show search fields by default, without having to pull them down.

From the documentation:
isVoiceOverRunning: https://developer.apple.com/documentation/uikit/uiaccessibility/isvoiceoverrunning
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A quick way for turning on, or off, VoiceOver is by using Siri. Say something like: "Hey, Siri! Turn on VoiceOver", and you'll find yourself using VoiceOver in no time. You can also do the same with other technologies like Voice Control.

Sometimes your UI will just not scale for large text sizes. Simple changes, for large sizes, like disposing elements vertically instead of horizontally, reducing the number of columns, and allowing more lines of text, can do the trick most times.

Color contrast between text and background is very important for perceivability. As colors come closer to each other, they’re more difficult to distinguish. Notice that colors that work well with big font sizes may not for smaller text.