If you want to update the VoiceOver user frequently about how a component is changing, when focused, you can use the .updatesFrequently accessibility trait. A downloading progress bar, a stock value, or a timer, are some examples.

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Do you have a fancy custom loading animation instead of an UIActivityIndicatorView? You may want to check if it has an accessibility label so a VoiceOver user knows that something is happening. Something like "In progress" or "Loading" could work.
@NSSpain has a great history of having amazing accessibility talks in their schedule! “Accessibility in the Real World”, by @Sommer: https://vimeo.com/235317172 “How to build an app for everyone”, by @NovallSwift: https://vimeo.com/362163043 The super fun "Choose your own SwiftUI adventure - 3 Accessibility", by @twostraws and @PinkerStraws: https://vimeo.com/481768105 And, of course, this year's great "Bas: My Accessibility Story", by @basthomas: https://vimeo.com/751176747
@azzoor has this great video with some advice on how to set up your device for testing accessibility and a ton of tips will get you testing effectively in no time. https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=Ca1H6wF348g&feature=youtu.be