The header accessibility trait makes VoiceOver announce something as a header. More importantly, it lets the user navigate through headings, swiping up/down, significantly speeding up navigation and making it easier to explore/discover content.
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When something is focused with VoiceOver, if you double tap on the screen, it will be like interacting with the centre of the focused element. If you need to change that, you can customise the accessibilityActivationPoint. https://developer.apple.com/documentation/objectivec/nsobject-swift.class/accessibilityactivationpoint

Since iOS 14, you can get a human readable localised name for a UIColor, with a very useful property called accessibilityName, that you can use in accessibility attributes like labels or values. How cool is that? https://developer.apple.com/documentation/uikit/uicolor/accessibilityname

Sometimes we may fail to convey to the user of things changing on the screen in a perceivable way. Toasts and similar should be announced. We may want to make clear that some content on the screen changed. Or we might want to update on progress.
Content © Daniel Devesa Derksen-Staats — Accessibility up to 11!